Rwanda is set to launch its national digital currency, the “digital franc,” by 2026, making it a trailblazer in Africa’s digital finance landscape. The initiative, spearheaded by the National Bank of Rwanda (BNR), aims to provide a secure, accessible, and cost-effective alternative to physical cash, driving financial inclusion and modernising the country’s financial infrastructure.
Inspired by similar initiatives in neighbouring nations like Nigeria and Ghana, Rwanda sees the digital franc as a key component of its cashless economy vision. The CBDC is expected to benefit the unbanked population, streamline cross-border transactions, and foster innovation in the financial sector.
The BNR has conducted extensive research and public consultations to ensure the successful implementation of the digital franc. While the initiative presents opportunities for increased financial inclusion and efficiency, concerns about data privacy, system resilience, and potential financial risks are being carefully addressed.
To guarantee a smooth rollout, Rwanda plans to pilot the digital franc on a small scale domestically, followed by a six-month international test focusing on cross-border payments. These trials will involve a select group of individuals and businesses to assess the technology’s functionality and identify any potential challenges.
Rwanda favours a retail CBDC model, distributed through banks, with potential offline capabilities to ensure accessibility for all citizens, including those in areas with limited internet connectivity.
By taking a measured and inclusive approach, Rwanda aims to establish a robust digital currency that caters to the needs of its population. The digital franc could transform how Rwandans transact, save, and access financial services, ultimately contributing to economic growth and development.
